News agency Xinhua quoted German news agency DPA as saying that the poverty rate of senior citizens in Germany has remained stable in recent years. 3.245 million senior citizens are affected in the year 2023 and 3.157 million in 2022.

However, this figure is quite different from the figure of 2013, when only 2.4 million elderly people were at risk of poverty in Germany.

In fact, the risk of poverty is defined as when a person’s income is less than 60 percent after social benefits.

The elderly population in Germany has increased in the last few years. The elderly population was 12 million in 1991, which increased to 18.7 million in the year 2022.

According to the Federal Statistical Office, this demographic change means that the elderly population has become a large part of the country’s population.

Meanwhile, the debate on the issue of poverty of the elderly has intensified regarding pension reform in the country. There are many differences among German political parties on possible solutions. According to DPA, major changes are unlikely before the formation of a new government.

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While talking to IANS, Mobius said that Government Efficiency Chief Musk is in a good position to make necessary changes in the US government.

Mark Mobius, who runs the Mobius EM Opportunities Fund, said that this will increase productivity along with efficiency in the US.

Newly elected US President Donald Trump has announced the appointment of Vivek Ramaswami along with veteran industrialist Elon Musk to lead the New Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE). Both have been given the responsibility of rapidly changing the government by cutting wasteful expenditure.

Trump said DOGE “will probably become the ‘Manhattan Project’ of our time.” He was referring to the US efforts during World War II, in which nuclear weapons were developed in record time.

Trump said, “Both of them will work for my US administration to eliminate bureaucracy, cut wasteful spending, eliminate unnecessary regulations and reorganize federal agencies.”

Musk said that all the work of the Department of Government Efficiency will be posted online to make it more transparent. Whenever the public feels that we are ending something important or not eliminating something useless, let us know. We will also have a leaderboard for the most wasteful expenditure of your tax dollars.

Musk claims that he will be able to cut at least $ 2 trillion (168 lakh crores) in government spending through the new department.

This is a new department, so it is not clear whether its leaders will be in the cabinet or not, whether they will be recognized by the Senate or not and what their positions will be. There will be.

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The Trump-Vance transition team said in a statement, “Pete is tough, smart and a true believer in America First. Under Pete’s leadership, America’s enemies will get this warning – our army will be great again, and America will never back down.”

The world including New Delhi was watching this announcement.

The statement said that Hegseth is a graduate from Princeton University. He also has a graduation degree from Harvard University. He is an Army combat veteran who has visited Guantanamo Bay, Iraq and Afghanistan. He has been awarded two Bronze Stars as well as a Combat Infantryman Badge for his actions on the battlefield.

Hegseth has been a Fox News host for eight years, according to the transition team.

“Pete’s recent book, ‘The War on Warriors,’ spent nine weeks on the New York Times best-seller list, including two weeks at number one. The book explains how we can lead our military back to competency, firepower, accountability and excellence. Pete also leads two veterans advocacy organizations that are leading the fight for our warriors and our great veterans. No one person can fight as hard for the troops as he can. Pete will be a courageous and patriotic champion of our ‘Peace Through Strength’ policy,” the transition team added.

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In his post on Truth Social, Trump announced that he will not give a job to former Foreign Minister and Central Intelligence Chief Mike Pompeo as well.

The Republican leader said on Truth Social, “I will not invite former Ambassador Nikki Haley or former Secretary of State Mike Pompeo to join the Trump administration.” However, he also praised both of them, “I have enjoyed working with them before and I appreciated them and would like to thank them for their service to the country.”

Another Indian American and Republican leader Vivek Ramaswami may get a place in the Trump administration. During a campaign rally in Pennsylvania, Trump had praised her a lot.

At the rally, Trump said that Ramaswami is “very smart” and “she is going to be a part of something that is really big.”

“I don’t want to tell her what position she is in right now. We will pick the right person,” Trump said. “We can put her in charge of one of these big monsters (in government) and she will do a better job than anybody else you can think of,” he added.

Haley became the first Indian-American to hold a cabinet position when Trump appointed her as the Permanent Representative to the United Nations, a high-level position in the US.

Haley left the post after only two years and quietly started building her base outside the state of South Carolina, where she had been the governor.

Haley unsuccessfully tried to become the Republican Party’s presidential candidate. She eventually dropped out of the race and then endorsed the former president. This angered Trump.

Haley said she was willing to campaign for Trump, but was not invited to speak at rallies or any events.

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This program was implemented for international students from 14 countries including Brazil, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, India, Morocco, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines and Vietnam.

According to reports, the Canadian government said on its website that the initiative is being shut down to ‘provide equal and fair access to the application process to all students’.

Under this scheme, only applications received till 2 pm on November 8 will be processed, while after that all applications will be processed under the regular study permit stream.

SDS had a higher approval rate and faster processing time. With the closure of this program, students from India and 13 other countries will have to go through a longer visa process.

Canada is considering drastically reducing the number of immigrants coming to the country for the first time in many years. It is a dramatic policy change by an unpopular government trying to stay in power.

Canada has been a country that has long taken pride in welcoming newcomers, but now it is changing its policy towards immigrants.

The issue has become one of the most controversial issues in Canadian politics, as there are federal elections to be held before October 2025. Surveys show that a large part of the population thinks that Canada has too many immigrants.

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In 2016, Hillary Clinton got about 28,00,000 more direct popular votes than Donald Trump in the US presidential election but she had to face defeat. In 2000, George W. Bush defeated Al Gore. However, Democratic candidate Gore won the popular vote by more than five lakh votes.

This happened because of the Electoral College – this is a unique system of US presidential election due to which the results are not decided directly by the popular vote.

Popular vote is the total number of individual votes cast by citizens across the country. It reflects the direct choice of the people, where every vote is counted equally.

Now let’s talk about the Electoral College.

On November 5, American voters will vote for Democrat Kamala Harris or Republican Donald Trump. But those votes will not directly determine who wins.

When Americans vote, they are actually voting for a group of electors who will represent their preferences. These electors then vote for the president based on the popular vote within their state.

In fact, the US presidential election is a state-by-state contest rather than a national contest.

Winning any one of the 50 states means that a candidate gets all of the so-called Electoral College votes. There are 538 Electoral College votes in total.

A candidate needs to win a majority – 270 or more – to win the presidency. Their running mate becomes vice president. This is why it is possible for a candidate to become president even if they get fewer votes nationwide, if they win an Electoral College majority.

Each state gets a certain number of electors. Electors are the people who vote in the Electoral College. The number of electors in each state roughly corresponds to its population.

For example, the most populous state, California, has 55 electoral votes, while a smaller state like Wyoming has only 3.

If a candidate wins the papal vote in a state, he usually gets all the electoral votes as well. For example, in 2020, Joe Biden won California, so all 55 electoral votes from California went to his account.

However, this is not always the case. If an elector votes against his state’s presidential candidate, he is called ‘disloyal or faithless’.

In some states, ‘faithless electors’ can be fined or prosecuted.

If no candidate wins a majority, the House of Representatives, the lower house of the US Senate, votes to elect the president.

This has happened only once, in 1824, when the electoral college vote was split among four candidates, leaving none of them with a majority.

Given the current dominance of the Republican and Democratic parties, this is highly unlikely to happen today.

The electoral college system is one of the most controversial systems in the US. While its supporters point to some of its advantages, such as smaller states remaining important to candidates, candidates not having to travel the entire country, and can focus on key states, etc.

While opponents of the electoral college system argue that the winner of the popular vote under this system can lose the election, some voters feel that their individual vote has no value. Much of the power resides in so-called ‘swing states’. Swing states are states where the election can go either way. In the presidential election, the entire focus is on these ‘swing states’.

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According to media reports, the American newspaper ‘Washington Post’ published a report on October 14. It quoted sources as saying that India’s Home Minister Amit Shah had ordered the campaign against Sikh separatists in Canada.

Let us tell you that earlier Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau had accused Indian agents of being involved in the murder of Khalistani terrorist Hardeep Singh Nijjar.

According to media reports, on Tuesday, Canadian Deputy Foreign Minister David Morrison, in response to a question to the country’s National Security Committee, said that he had named Indian Home Minister Amit Shah behind the murder of Nijjar, a Washington Post journalist.

At the same time, India called these allegations of Canada baseless.

Indian Foreign Ministry spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal reacted sharply to this statement of the Canadian Deputy Foreign Minister. He said, recently we summoned the representative of the Canadian High Commission. A clear message was given to Ottawa that the Government of India has strongly objected to and rejected the ‘meaningless and baseless’ comments made by Canadian Deputy Foreign Minister David Morrison against the Union Home Minister before the committee.”

The question arises as to how much more difficult will India-Canada relations see and how can the tension between the two be reduced?

Political affairs expert Arvind Jaitlyak says, “Khalistan supporter Jagmeet Singh’s party New Democratic Party has a good vote bank in Canada. A large number of NDP voters are those who support Khalistan. General elections were held in Canada in 2021. No party got an absolute majority in these elections. At the same time, in this election, the NDP party played the role of kingmaker by winning 25 seats. Justin Trudeau’s Liberal Party remained 14 seats away from the majority in the elections. Due to this, an agreement was reached between these two parties in March 2022. It is known as ‘Supply and Confidence’. Under this agreement, the NDP He had promised Trudeau that he would support his government in case of no-confidence motion.”

Jaitlaka further says, “Although Jagmeet Singh withdrew his support from Trudeau’s party during the escalation of tension between India and Canada, he gave external support in the no-confidence motion. This is the reason why Trudeau wants to save his government by pleasing the Khalistanis and for this he is spoiling relations with India.”

Throwing light on the history of Justin Trudeau’s party and his father, Jayatilak said, “It is not that Justin Trudeau is doing this now, his party and his father and former Canadian PM Pierre Trudeau also have a similar history. He too has not lagged behind in spoiling bilateral relations with India for the vote bank of Khalistanis and support of the Khalistani party. In 1985, Canada gave shelter to Khalistani terrorist Talwinder Singh Parmar, accused of India’s Kanishka plane blast. 329 people died in this plane attack. When India demanded the extradition of Khalistani Talwinder, accused of this attack, Canada rejected this demand of India.” Jayatilak said, “At that time, the Prime Minister of Canada was Pierre Elliot Trudeau, who was the father of the current Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. Justin Trudeau is seen following in his father’s footsteps these days.” He further says that as long as Justin Trudeau is in the government, relations between India and Canada do not seem to improve. Yes, general elections are to be held in Canada in 2025. Trudeau’s popularity has also decreased tremendously. If there is a change of power in the elections, then relations between India and Canada will improve. ”

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If there is no major margin of victory, it may take several days or even weeks to resolve disputed results with a recount.

Traditionally, the candidate who loses the election accepts defeat even before the official announcement of the result, if the result is clear. But Trump has not accepted President Joe Biden’s victory in 2020 and his own defeat even after four years.

If Trump loses, he will definitely take the path of legal battle, and perhaps Harris too because the winner can be decided by a few hundred or even fewer votes. Both have an army of lawyers ready.

A complicating factor is that voters in the US do not directly elect the president. The president is elected by 538 electoral colleges. To win, a candidate has to secure a majority – 270 or more electoral colleges.

So, a candidate can get a majority of the popular vote but still lose if he or she fails to convert it into a majority of the electoral college.

In 2016, Democrat Hillary Clinton won about 3 million more votes than Trump, but she lost the election because Trump crossed the majority mark by winning 306 electoral colleges.

The final decision will come from seven states where no party has a fixed majority and the election can go either way. These states together have a total of 93 electoral college votes.

Another complication in getting the result is that the Federal Election Commission only deals with election finance laws and does not oversee the election.

So, without a national election body overseeing elections or uniform procedures and rules across the country, states follow different timetables for closing polls and counting absentee ballots. Absentee ballots are mailed in or, in some cases, submitted through other means.

The official count is done later, with each state following its own procedures to certify the results.

Official declarations are certain to be delayed in several states because of legal challenges. Either party could seek a recount, which could also delay the result.

Each state’s governors have a deadline of December 11 to submit their ‘certificate of assessment’ – the official count of the Electoral College vote – to National Archivist Colleen J. Shogan, whose role is like the chief record-keeper for the country.

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The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) is the global voice for land and one of the three major UN treaties known as the Rio Conventions, alongside climate and biodiversity.

The Conference of the Parties (COP) is the main decision-making body of UNCCD’s 197 Parties – 196 countries and the European Union. COP16 will take place in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from 2-13 December 2024 under the theme Our Land. Our Future.

Coinciding with the 30th anniversary of UNCCD, COP16 will be the largest UN land conference to date, and the first UNCCD COP held in the Middle East and North Africa region, which knows first-hand the impacts of desertification, land degradation and drought.

COP16 is poised to be a game-changer, marking a renewed global commitment to accelerate investment and action to restore land and boost drought resilience for the benefit of people and planet.

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This is the first summit after the group expanded to nine members. Egypt, Iran, Ethiopia and the UAE joined the group this year after being offered membership at the 2023-summit in South Africa.

Argentina and Saudi Arabia were also invited. But Argentina declined after the change of government, while Saudi Arabia has not yet responded.

The Ministry of External Affairs said that Prime Minister Modi will visit Russia on October 22-23 at the invitation of Russian President Vladimir Putin. There he will attend the 16th BRICS summit held in Kazan under the chairmanship of Russia. The theme of the summit is ‘Strengthening Multilateralism for Equitable Global Growth and Security’. The event will provide an important platform for the leaders to discuss key global issues.

The summit will be a valuable opportunity to assess the initiatives launched by BRICS and identify potential areas for future cooperation, the statement said.

The Prime Minister will also hold bilateral meetings with his counterparts from BRICS member countries and invited leaders in Kazan during his visit, the Ministry of External Affairs said.

According to Russian Presidential Assistant Yuri Ushakov, the BRICS summit in Kazan will be attended by leaders of 24 countries and delegations from a total of 32 countries, making it the largest foreign policy event ever held in Russia.

Apart from the main BRICS meeting, there will be meetings in the ‘BRICS+’ format on the theme ‘BRICS and the Global South: Building the Future of the World Together’. It will include representatives from Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Latin America.

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